Holding the syringe like a dart prevents the medication from being injected during insertion of needle. Removing residue medication on the tip of the needle has been shown to reduce pain and discomfort. To remove residue from the needle, change needles after preparation and before administration. Health care providers can be at risk for needle-stick injuries in any health care setting.
The most common places for needle-stick injuries to occur are in the operating room and patient rooms. Tasks that place the health care provider at risk include recapping needles and mishandling IV lines. Recapping needles has led to the transmission of infection. If possible, always use devices with safety features — i.
Immediately dispose of used needles in a sharps disposal container puncture-proof and leak-proof to avoid unsafe disposal of a sharp. Specific equipment, such as syringes and needles, is required to prepare and administer parenteral medications. The selection of the syringe and needle is based on the type and location of injection; amount, quality, and type of medication; and the body size of the patient.
Many syringes come with needleless systems or needles with safety shields to prevent injuries Perry et al.
Aseptic technique is paramount to the preparation and administration of these medications. Parenteral medications are supplied in sterile vials, ampules, and prefilled syringes. Ampules are glass containers in 1 ml to 10 ml sizes that hold a single dose of medication in liquid form. They are made of glass and have a scored neck to indicate where to break the ampule see Figure 7. Medication is withdrawn using a syringe and a filter needle. A blunt fill needle with filter see Figure 7.
Never use a filter needle to inject medication Perry et al. A vial is a single- or multi-dose plastic container with a rubber seal top, covered by a metal or plastic cap see Figure 7. A single-use vial must be discarded after one use; a multi-dose vial must be labelled with the date it was opened. Check hospital policy to see how long an open vial may be used.
The vial is a closed system, and air must be injected into the vial to permit the removal of the solution Perry et al. A syringe see Figure 7. Syringes come in various sizes from 0. Syringes may come with or without a sterile needle and will have a safety shield on the needle. Insulin is only given using an insulin syringe see Figure 7. Insulin is ordered in units. It is important to use the correct syringe and needle for the specific injection.
Always examine the measurement scale on the syringe to determine that you have the correct syringe Lynn, Needles are made of stainless steel, are sterile and disposable, and come in various lengths and sizes. The needle is made up of the hub, shaft, and bevel. The bevel is the tip of the needle that is slanted to create a slit into the skin. The hub fits onto the tip of the syringe. All three parts must remain sterile at all times. The gauge of a needle is the diameter of the needle.
Gauges can vary from very small diameter 25 to 29 gauge to large diameter 18 to 22 gauge. A needle will have its gauge and length marked on the outer packaging; choose the correct gauge and length for the injection ordered Lynn, see Figures 7.
Skip to content Chapter 7. Parenteral Medication Administration. Read this information about ampules to review how to prepare medication from an ampule. Read this information about vials to review how to prepare medication from a vial and reconstitute medication. Read this information about syringes to review the different types of syringes. What are three strategies that can be implemented to reduce distractions while preparing medication?
What are two ways to prevent needle-stick injuries? Previous: 7. Next: 7. Share This Book Share on Twitter. Safety consideration: Always follow the principles of sterile technique when preparing injections.
Perform hand hygiene. Always perform hand hygiene before administration and after removing gloves. For hand hygiene with ABHR, use 1 to 2 pumps of product; this volume requires a minimum of 15 seconds for hands to dry.
Hand hygiene with ABHR. Keep sterile parts of the needle and syringe sterile. Avoid letting the needle touch unsterile surfaces such as the outer edges of the ampule or vial, surface of the needle cap, or counter. Always keep the needle covered with a cap when not in use, and use the scoop-cap method to avoid needle-stick injuries. This type of glass container has low hydrolytic resistance.
This type of glass containers are not used for products that need to be autoclaved as it will increase erosion reaction rate of the glass container. It is based on hydrolytic resistance of the inner surfaces of glass containers.
There are various factors that influence selection process of glass containers as primary packages. These factors include:. Related keywords: types of glass containers used in pharmaceuticals pdf, evaluation of glass containers slideshare, glass as packaging material ppt, evaluation of glass containers ppt, type 2 glass example, types of glass containers used in pharmaceuticals ppt, disadvantages of glass containers for parenteral preparation, type 2 glass uses, different types of glass containers used in pharmaceuticals, type 2 glass container use, glass in pharmaceutical packaging, usp type 3 glass specification, type 2 glass container are suitable for, type 2 glass container used for, type 1 glass uses.
Nations and Their Contributions to the Growth of Pharmacy. February 22, January 3, December 17, November 13, Thanks Siya for your comment and I am glad you found the post helpful. Once glass vial is collected and delivered to the recycle centre, it is separated from contaminants and sorted by colour. The glass vial is then broken into small pieces.
The broken glass pieces are then crushed and passed through a rotary screen classifier separating the crushed particles into four size grades 12 mesh to 20 mesh, 20 mesh to 40 mesh, 40 mesh to 70 mesh, 70 mesh and smaller. The crushed glass vials are finally added to raw materials to make the final glass products. Hello Lenou, we do not manufacture glass bottles. Our moulded glass product lines cover all the pharmaceutically relevant glass categories using borosilicate glass of type I and soda-silica glass of types II and III.
In addition to our products made of amber and clear glass, we also produce coloured pharma glass and opaque opal glass.
Our product range includes all the common mouth shapes in capacities from 2 to 4, ml and we can print or acid-etch our glass products on request.
Besides our standard products we also develop custom glass packaging. Type II glass is subject to a special surface treatment process known as interior hardening and tempering that makes its surface less prone to leaching caused by alkaline solutions. It is the best option for most parenteral drugs.
For many years now, Gerresheimer has produced pharmaceutical bottles made from type II glass for drugs administered parenterally by injection or infusion. After overhauling and upgrading its clear-glass furnace in Essen, two new production lines were opened that will mainly be used to make type II glass and link directly to the newly expanded cleanroom. As a Center of Excellence for type II glass for the whole of the Gerresheimer Group, the site will focus on further increasing its capacity and expertise, supplemented by sizable investment in state-of-the-art self-learning testing lines, among other things.
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